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the human research facility racks in the

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columbus laboratory allow iss crew

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members to study one of earth's most

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advanced organisms

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the human body

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astronauts conduct medical exams track

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changes in health and behavior

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and research countermeasures to reduce

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the harmful effects space flight has on

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humans

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our bodies are well suited to work under

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the force of earth's gravity but long

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duration space flight results in muscle

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atrophy bone deterioration

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cardiovascular deconditioning and a

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weakened immune system

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in an effort to understand these changes

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and how they affect astronaut health the

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hrf is used to conduct several types of

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physiology experiments

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for example the card and integrated

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cardiovascular experiments are two

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investigations designed to better

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understand how the heart functions in

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microgravity

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without the force of gravity for the

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heart to pump against the heart muscle

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weakens in space

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scientists want to understand what this

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might mean for astronauts on orbit as

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they increase their time spent in space

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and also how this will affect their

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return to earth's gravity

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the space linear acceleration mass

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measurement device called slam d is an

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advanced scale that measures body mass

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without the pool of gravity

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it does this by applying newton's second

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law of motion which states that mass

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equals force divided by acceleration

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an astronaut sits on a pull-arm assembly

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that moves with a constant force

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while his or her acceleration is

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recorded with a precise optical

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instrument that measures position over

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time

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by tracking changes in astronauts body

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mass over time scientists can better

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understand their nutritional status

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while on orbit

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the nutrition status assessment focuses

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on the effects diet has on bone health

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chemical and hormone changes and

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oxidative damage in space

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urine and blood samples are collected

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before during and after space flight for

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biochemical analysis to determine the

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effectiveness of both nutrition and

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pharmaceuticals that are being tested

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for maintaining astronaut health on the

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space station

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nutrition research is necessary for

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establishing proper food and vitamin

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diets for long duration space missions

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as we explore destinations beyond low

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earth orbit

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although the intended goal of the hrs

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research is to understand how the human

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body reacts to long duration space

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flight the added benefit for much of

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this research is that it helps us to

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better understand heart disease muscle

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degeneration and osteoporosis